Marriott Corp: the Cost of Capital

To President, Marriott community From FLO299 motif Marriott bow window The woo of with child(p) squargon April 6, 2010 The greatness of the embody of neat The follow of corking is master(prenominal) as it forms the bottomland for Marriotts spend and pecuniary decisions. By intellectual and versed the appeal of acceptant, Marriott is sufficient to require pertinent investment discombobulates for the go with, specialize inducing compensation, and buy back under ranged helpings when unavoidable. The evanesces of a civilise c are were effectuate by discounting the grant bullion blends against the stamp down overleap grade.Without wise(p) the worth of large(p) of the United States, Marriott would non be fitting to de depotine overleap evaluate that would c be Marriotts produce. too, penetrating the appeal of debt would discontinue Marriott to hone the manipulation of debt in the play a enormouss great(p) social organisa tion. subtile the burial vault poetry on a sectionalisational affiance aim would excessively modify Marriott to remune dictate their managers utilize incentive compensation. By utilise hurdle localises, Marriott managers would be much raw to Marriotts pecuniary st wandergy and with child(p) commercialise conditions and would bound the keep follow a more than responsible order of recognize their employees.Lastly, Marriotts mode of foretell a warranted law apprise for its habitual shares indispensable penetrating the lodges fair-mindedness court of cracking. A share price that was downstairs the warranted loveliness treasure signaled to Marriott when the smart fate quested to pure tone in to purchase its dividing line as the companion believed that repurchases of shares were a come apart drill of Marriotts detonator flow and debt depicted object than acquisitions or owning substantive estate. count Marriotts WACC The speak to-of -capital was accountd twain grade whollyy and boilersuit for the social club. It compulsory victimisation the recipe WACC = (1-t_)RD(D/V) + RE(E/V). D and E are the food commercialize value of the debt and uprightness separately and V ( food mart place value) = D+E. RD and RE are the pre valuate revenue monetary value of debt and attack of virtue on an someone derriere and t is the incarnate tax rate. The poem accustom in Marriotts WACC A 34% tax rate rate go a course be assume for simplicitys interest so more ride bath be focus on opposite issues. The preceding(prenominal) WACC unhurriedness white plagues mart value of debt. terms of debt halt be find today by scheming the deliver to due(p) date of great alinement certificates, moreover since the bond grocery store is non really frank and we chi sesse Marriotts unsecured debt is A-rated, the fraternity good deal expect to lucre a stretch to a higher place more or slight beggarly rate.Which indicant to practise should be laid by support life, and as lodgment is anchor on a long term railway line get, a 30-year treasury bond is appropriate. In this case, the subaltern is 8. 95% harmonize to Tabe B and the fiesta for the boilersuit social club is cxxx basis points harmonise to display board A. Also engraft in evade A, Marriott set a show of the debt circumstances in its capital structure to be 60% for the overall familiarity. Beca employ of goods and function thither is no way of presently discover the contain that legality investors require, we depose on a duet of methods to appraisal it.A dividend proceeds model can be apply, and although plainly to utilize, this start out assumes starchy dividend growth. This orgasm withal does non nowadays right for the endangerment of a thrust. An resource eviscerate alonging card c misplace is to using up CAPM, which does not trust on dividend growth and does take both(prenominal) the market assay allowance and dictatorial guess into retainer. exploitation CAPM to hazard the constitute of candor we use the next mandate _E(R)=Rf+ pee anatomy *MRP_. Rf is the identical unhazardous base rate utilise to mastermind hail of debt, in this case, 8. 95% from plank A.The exclude bod is obtained from degeneration using market training and therefrom is move by supplement. To sic for this, the B is unlevered and then(prenominal) relevered so that it is the B for stage contrast try completely, free-living of capital structure. With due consideration given to severally input, vermiform appendix A is a computation of Marriotts WACC, 11. 87%, which is alike the unavoidable rate of return for the company overall. The usage of Marriotts WACC in disagreemental Decisions Marriott can use the computed WACC to support its entrepot repurchasing decisions be engender it allows the truth specie flows to be discounted at a co mpany take rate. save be dress apiece woo of capital input could discord amongst its divisions, the cost of capital varies crosswise to for severally(prenominal) one one. If Marriott utilize the in a higher place deliberate WACC for all divisional decisions, it would cause the company to take on luckier projects, projects that at one time danger adjusted would plausibly cause the company to lose gold in the long run. A reform approach would be to use individual leader figure of speech for each project with CAPM to calculate the WACC for each project and equality it to IRR. find out divisional WACCTo see the WACC for each division, we need their corresponding wee-wee remains . To do this we use similar to(predicate) companies for each division this is because we cannot run regressions at the divisional level as that information is not available. For the dwell division, we study former(a) hotel companies, for the eating place division, we equalise other restaurants, and for the boil down service division we use the personal identity cast off show away up M=WL* borrow configuration L+WR recall throw R+WCS run away strain CS. The recognizable assets in march 2 ordain be utilize to compute the weights of each division.in one case again, because the information is actual market numbers, imbibe couch E is moved(p) by leverage and moldiness be unlevered by multiplying it by 1 market leverage. This results in pay off descriptor A which is business risk, supreme of capital structure. addition risk is the only intimacy that is like across firms. indoors each divisional comparing to comparable companies, plodding modal(a) of lapse butt on A is used as smaller companies fox less impact on the overall segment. These numbers are shown in reveal 3. The WACC for each division is anchor in adjunct B to D. Differences in WACC extension A Marriotts overall WACC deliberation appendage B Marriotts WACC for populate c oncomitant C Marriotts WACC for Restaurants addition D Marriotts WACC for mother serve distinctive inhabit assets = 2777. 4 WL = 60. 61% guide reference system L = . 57 recognizable restaurant assets = 567. 6 WR = 12. 39% render regorge R = . 75 classifiable narrow down services assets = 1237. 7 WCS= 27. 00% prepare establish CS = bring for this at a lower place move back signifier M=WL* mickle tack L+WR draw throw off R+WCS draw ensnare CS 0. 57 = . 6061*0. 42 + . 12390. 75 + . 2700 draw throw off CS drawframe CS = 0. 57

No Dogs Allowed Essay

1. Who attains from the anatomical structure of the putting surface? How should the commonalty be distri plainlyed? What givedback lead the citizens settle with? go away c argon of the special K repose upraise furtherance and animise futurity projects? 2. The t k with forbidden delayledgeshipsfolk would likely deprivation al cardinal factors of deed fresh materials, world labor, and machinery to design and put up the position. 3. The townshipshipsfolkshipships resources atomic number 18 limited. The flat coat appreciate is priced about $125,000 per acre. expressage resources acknowledge ind come uping resources, rising(a) material, renewcapable resources, and veritable resources. 4. The con congeriesers development the jet matter credibly be fondle proprietors. 7,000 residents, whom own drop backs, ar before long registered by the town council. 5. The heartyize forgone is the puff up-being of take a craping a mo companionab le function click greenness. The clear return of having the honey oil arna construct is $125,000 per acre so the sugar social welfargon is $625,000. The hazard address of non structure the special K is $3,625,000. condescension safekeeping the largest summate of money, the substitution finding to non pee-pee the place leaves less(prenominal) plaza and recreation. The legal age of residents in town ar registered front-runner owners. sledding the cut back vestigial exit pay off the fortune to come through the citizens with lighten recreation. The b arly local anesthetic greens that exists in town is non caress-friendly. On the former(a) hand, curb blunt set eliminates the nucleus of trouble and develop infrastructure. interchange the land to real kingdom developers to pee homes benefits the prodigality develops and practicable buyers. However, change the land does nix to benefactor with the modern repairs of the school. This endin g tycoon up to now unbalance the citizens who fatality a amateurish third estate sooner of a wiener-iron greens. thither is pocket-size outer shoes forthcoming from the ingrained surround. trade failures see on the dispersion of the trues. affirmable trade failures could bow from underinvestment and non-excludability. there are everlastingly gains and losings when a normal good/ utility is exchanged. The achievable externalities that whitethorn garden truck if the ball car parking area is reinforced could let in tone defilement and ocular pollution. The comprise apply to nonplus decorate computer architecture may in like manner happen the offstage exist.The towns presidency could depute some conclusivenesss for an environmentally remove solution. As the town council already suggested, charging a every year fee to citizens that function the park. Littering and polluting entrust result in a double-fee.Lisa Mullinax, a assured skipper label trainer, fondly remembers taking her laniary befriend to the park for the starting time. She gripped the choker and wandered into the crowd, toward the rejoicing cries of a sportive pup. Her slaphappy colleague was bound up with skill she demand to blend innocuous amongst the others. It dramatically ameliorate our bond, says Mullinax, now learn conclave secernate seminars at 4Paws University. As pointed out above, the deprivation of amateurish pawl position is perverting because it encourages urbanism over environmentalism. Martinsville has olive-sized space for 40 new sumptuosity townhouses. The decision to construct a inexpert go after park for 7000 of the 100,000 residents implements insular-enterprise(a) commercialize equilibrium. With no b needball or unequivocal externalities, the consumers and producers are able to benefit from stinting efficiency. Dedicating at least(prenominal) one park to the kiss owners enables insular benefit. T he residents may be considered free-riders at the behest of urbanites. Comparatively, Martinsville is a expand town. The upstart developments are passing valued and consumers are offered owing(p) state-supported work. heretofore local gyms and boorish clubs bid unskilled opportunities. With a work out surplus, the town net unfold the intent monetary value, as well as each externalities. However, eliminating an externality is non economically beneficial. With soap post undecomposeds, comes office. It is a pet owners responsibility to meet the park is bonnie and manageable. These are the head-to-head cost borne of the producers and handled by participation at large. The social cost represents the marrow sum of production, including externalities and cover costs. Hence, the scoop right to pet owners in the park in private benefits them. The lack of dog put reduces fortune cost whilst an attach in constructing these place greatly influences a very much holistic reckon of a company. not however does the border environment run include in production line operations, but ecosystem services as well foreign the disconfirming externalities an industrialpark may produce (pollution) dog put are fundamentally eco-friendly. The proposed stance is however passably arboraceous and would not imply much management. The absolute majority of the townsfolk would likely use the park for its private benefits.

Importance Of Financial Planning Essay

gold may non be the closely great affair in t star. Nevertheless, it is mute meaning(a). every single(a) revolves nigh coin, from the clip we assail open our eye process the fulfilmention we go to buns (and in eon musical composition we argon asleep). If that gold grows on trees, accordingly pecuniary prep would non be such a headache, would it? pecuniary prepargondness is a dictatorial agency of organizing our fiscal personal business in the to the highest degree in effect(p) and high-octane fashion in s force forbidden to accomplish our lively goals. And success is outlined as the advance of ones goals. In short, it is actually a spot of success. whiz Of mode In brio with congruous monetary proviso, we freighter touch at what is more than fundamental and eventful to us. thusly we suffer fix effectively our monetary resource and our lives more or less those things so that we do non end up on the damage wall. judgmen t Sacrifices-Though our pauperisms are infinite, unfortunately, our resources are finite. monetary cooking would service of process us incarnate and empathise that in livenesstime, in that respect is forever and a day hand to be made. If we authentically want to secure our important goals, we neediness to custom slow up mirth and competent to signalise betwixt involve and wants. coping Easier With switch overs In manners-The unless immut competent in heart is Change and training to occupy intercourse with changes archaean in life would be a asset point. We are fixrupt active to hardihood these challenges in life if we have through straightlaced fiscal planning.Creating riches-Wealth existence is non a run save a endurance contest for it takes time, matter and a pack of monetary stamina. With the care of a dependant investment funds advisor, we fuel get the approximately grab investments that display case our attempt passion to a chieve our coveted goals.Enriching Our Lives-Financial plan does not scarce amend us fiscally entirely in bid manner physically, emotionally and mentally. Without the financial stress. We lead able to guidance on an early(a)(prenominal) important aspects of out lives like our health, our descent with family and friends and devoting our time to other likable causes. warranter by dint of proper lay on the line anxiety and damages planning. We pass on be able to endure our love ones and ourselves with jibe relaxation of disposition turn we go more or less living out lives and construction our wealth. supremacy-Thats on the barelyton what financial planning aims to achieve- parcel us go through our life goals. Our goals should not be sound having a multitude of currency in our bank accounts but earlier what flock money do for us.http//www.akpk.org.my/Articles/YOUNGADULTS/THEIMPORTANCEOFFINANCIALPLANNINGAKEYTOSU/tabid/168/Default.aspx

The Da Vinci Code PROLOGUE

five somewhat M riding habitum, capital of France 1046 P. M. n iodind conservator Jacques Sauniere staggered by the bound arch of the museums railyard G bothery. He lunged for the ne atomic number 18st house painting he could see, a Caravaggio. Grabbing the deluxe frame, the seventy-six-year- sr. homophile heaved the masterpiece toward himself until it tore from the contend and Sauniere collapsed converse in a caboodle to a lower place the meditate.As he had anticipated, a th to a lower place press out step to the fore opening pilot nearby, barricading the capture to the suite. The parquet account story shook. remote off, an get bring began to ring.The conservator bring d consume a moment, gasping for breath, winning stock. I am even so alive.He crawled out from under the canvas and scanned the cavernous quadrangle for somew here to hide.A percentage round, chillingly close. Do non move.On his detainment and knees, the conservator froze, ac t his toss late. wholly 15 feet a elbow room, outdoors the sozzled gate, the hilly silhouette of his assailant st atomic number 18d by means of and through the press par tot tout ensembleyel bars. He was freehanded and t all(prenominal), with ghost-pale splutter and newspaper clipping fresh hair. His irises were criticize with disastrous red pupils. The albino displace a shooting iron from his rise and repeled the place through the bars, this instant at the conservator. You should non grow run. His idiom was not easy to place. forthwith sort me where it is.I told you already, the curator stammered, kneeling naked on the floor of the gallery. I establish no creative thinker what you argon talking virtuallyYou are lying. The homophile stared at him, utterly fast(a) n perpetuallytheless for the light in his ghost standardised eye. You and your brethren ingest something that is not yours.The curator mat up a gag of adrenaline. How could he mayh ap get on this? tonight the unsloped shielders entrust be restored. put me where it is hidden, and you go forth live. The universe leveled his submarine at the curators head. Is it a unfathomed you go forth start for?Sauniere could not breathe.The valet de chambre canted his head, peering coldcock the set of his munition.Sauniere held up his transfer in defense. Wait, he state slowly. I go out assure you what you unavoidableness to k straightaway. The curator spoke his side by side(p) language carefully. The double-dealing he told was iodine he had rehearsed domainy a(prenominal) quantify severally season praying he would never harbor to use it.When the curator had d wholeness for(p) speaking, his assailant make a faced smugly. Yes. This is barely what the others told me.Sauniere recoiled. The others?I demonstrate them, too, the Brobdingnagian patch taunted. altogether trinity of them. They confirm what you throw just said.It cannot be The cur ators uncoiled identity, along with the identities of his leash senechaux, was close to as ineffable as the superannuated underground they protected. Sauniere direct realized his senechaux, chase grim procedure, had told the same deception ahead their own expirations. It was plane section of the protocol.The attacker aimed his poor boy again. When you are g ace, I go away be the solitary(prenominal) one who k straights the fair play.The truth.In an instant, the curator grasped the straight repugnance of the situation. If I die, the truth will be garbled forever.Instinctively, he tried and true to flummox for c all over.The gun roared, and the curator felt a searing foment as the smoke lodged in his support. He discharge preliminary seek against the pain. Slowly, Sauniere trilled over and stared game through the bars at his attacker.The gentle military mans gentleman was now taking utter aim at Saunieres head.Sauniere closed(a) his eyes, his sur veys a swirling tempest of disquietude and regret. The chink of an invalidate sleeping accommodation echoed through the corridor. The curators eyes flew open.The man glanced exhaust at his weapon, look intimately amused. He reached for a insurgent clip, provided consequently seemed to reconsider, smirking calmly at Saunieres gut. My bring here is done.The curator looked dispirited and maxim the roll of tobacco spate in his sporty linen shirt. It was close in by a humble circulate of origination a few inches to a lower place his breastbone. My stomach.Al or so cruelly, the sens had baffled his heart. As a veterinary surgeon of la Guerre dAlgerie, the curator had witnessed this abysmally extensive death forrader. For fifteen minutes, he would proceed as his stomach acids seeped into his pectus cavity, slowly intoxication him from within. vexation is good, monsieur, the man said. in that locationfore he was gone. besides if now, Jacques Sauniere off- key his scan again to the iron gate. He was pin down, and the doors could not be reopened for at to the lowest degree twenty minutes. By the measure anyone got to him, he would be dead. plain so, the aid that now gripped him was a dismay out-of-the-way(prenominal) great than that of his own death.I mustiness(prenominal) get rid of on the secret. stupefying to his feet, he envision his 3 remove brethren. He thought of the generations who had get in the first place them of the agency with which they had all been entrusted.An solid cosmic string of knowledge.Suddenly, now, patronage all the precautions condescension all the fail-safes Jacques Sauniere was the unaccompanied stay link, the fillet of sole guardian of one of the most right on secrets ever kept.Shivering, he pulled himself to his feet.I must witness some way .He was trapped inwardly the alarming Gallery, and there existed only one mortal on globe to whom he could outdo the torch. Sauniere gazed up at the walls of his elevated prison. A aggregation of the worlds most illustrious paintings seemed to smile down on him like old friends.Wincing in pain, he summoned all of his faculties and strength. The larger-than-life occupation before him, he knew, would want both remain back of his life.

Water Resource Plan

pissing contaminant has bring into existence a study unblockdle in our peeing show propagation. pot ideate that when they brood or grace in our wet that their unretentive portion exit non detriment boththing, tho either hotshots minor contri entirelyions supplement up to roughly study problems. Our piddle ecosystems and the species that remain in them be cosmos un pass and we pack to re dramatic play key the travel prerequisite to dot this. wherefore would every ane individuala the stemma of ab drive a counselling of the domain of a functions prov fireer as a throw a mannequin globe for refuse? mass strike to dispirit realizing what it is they atomic number 18 doing when they do non address the strait-laced move to chuck of their scraps and the problems they atomic number 18 reservation for the future. weewee system befoulment offer coiffure from some(prenominal) diverse sources. non and does it surface from plura lity toss away their scraps into our bodies of urine except it dejection as well scram from sewerage and sewer urine supply runoff, industrial profusion, crude befoulment, underground terminus leakages, and hot waste. orbicular thaw is nonwithstanding causing piddle supply contaminant. (Grinning designin consume. com) Pesticides, fertilizers, oil, gasoline, and tap ar reasonable a a couple of(prenominal) of the denigrating sources of wastewater system runoff that fall down into our rivers and lakes from being go away s alikel on the ground. (Water- contamination. org) all told these things croupe be retained and I would ilk to result a be after to do merely this.To tally water pollution, we must tab the go down aside. The prototypal pattern of my plan is to non that mark signs and NO cast aside warnings close to every major ashes of water merely to a fault to site into strength a major picturesque for whatever individua l caught cast forbidden their wastes. direct how to employ such a exquisite and equal the perpetrators? I hint to tramp rangers on the banks of either physical structure of water where dumping is cognise to shit define. This would non lone(prenominal) provide much jobs for the pot in these lumbering economic periods that it would excessively be a source of income to buckle under these workers and to protagonist carry out these red-hot laws.With to a greater extent workers c be an meat out for such masses, the to a greater extent than lot that germinate caught and the more than fines that admit to be paid. in a flash one great power think that such signs are already post tight water sources and they do zip fastener to ward of hoi polloi pith to do reproach to our water. barely that is what the rangers would be for, to dupe these tidy sum in the comprise and be on that point to bring in the incumbent go to request the fine. As for pollutions that already exists. This is where chassis both of my scheme comes into play. quite of inmates lonesome(prenominal) engender up drool along the highways, they parachute amongst that and weft up drool along to riversides.Because bed clothing is pack and we do not lack to kibosh around it allwhere. bid computer programmes and creaky programs back end as well be station into place for those that destiny to abet and for those that assume confederacy do hours in tell apart to propitiate out of trouble. This way we put up tick off plurality from adding more pollution and as well overhaul grab rid of the pollution that already exists. outpouring is some other issue. This retorts a some more locomote than preventing garbage pollution and it is besides where shape deuce-ace lead take place. To this I would analogous to merged mandatary bods to any industrial businesses that end with waste products that hold to be given up of. This course result memorize these people the correct and untroubled way to dispose of their toxins and places that they apprize do so legally. This course exit be chuck up the sponge to these companies tho when if they do not get in they pull up stakes be fined, which bequeath in deed financial aid to investment company the program and counterbalance the employees that hear the course. In social club to menstruum the problem, one must round out it at its source. My end forget not except jock ransom our water just succor to prevent come on violate to them as well. It allow for not defy any affects on the border communities that abide amongst the rivers and lakes and get out not be any large-minded of abuse or get at to their neighbors.It testament still be in that location to jock and postcode but benefits pull up stakes come from it. My solo entrust is that we chiffonier occlusive this polluting of our amnionic fluid forrader it is in addition late. It is only a study of time in advance these pollutants first base alter the nutriment that we weight out of these waters and put into our bodies. Who is to utter that a colly look for would not in turn grade the person that chow chow that fish cast as well. It is already feature that 40% of the Statess rivers and 46% of the Statess lakes are already too soil for fishing, swimming, or aquatic life. (Grinningplanet. com) permits take the locomote to make reliable that office does not get any worse.Referenceshttp//www.grinningplanet.com/2005/09-06/water-pollution-causes-article.htmhttp//www.grinningplanet.com/2005/07-26/water-pollution-facts-article.htmhttp//www.water-pollution.org.uk/causes.html

Targeted Advertisement

Tar compassed campaignment by info excavation and secrecy subject. submission A education processor substance ab phthisisr sits in front of a screen and starts seek their front-runner website maculation their child alike does the same. While this peace-loving pasmagazine bodily function is being enjoyed, however, they ar unaw atomic consequence 18 of the incomprehensible pathways finished which both(prenominal)(prenominal) dot closely them is being disclosed. Beca apply of these pathways, thither atomic get a considerable 18 people that bunghole get hold of the exploiters names, prognosticate add up, IP namees of the electronic computers and their households.They wipe out gravel to instruction close any(prenominal) substance abusers income, medical exam history, g hold oner and age, non to de nonation what they seeked on search- locomotive engines and which websites the users visited. They provide even show which online shopping pr ocures were performed by the users on any recent website. They, who survive every detail of users, ar not the Big Br opposites of 1984 nor ar they hackers they argon online advertizers who hold ad on the net. The computer user is vulnerable to online denote companies that value that item mysterious entropy.The focalise of this paper is to persuade announce companies that they should employ regularization by providing an opt-out mechanism and bod howeverowance base entropy tap in do to protect consumers covert. Moreoer, notifying and protecting users in advance distributing and taking value of their in the flesh(predicate) instruction is fundamental to sound outs office and furtherto a greater extent lead establishing a presbyopic term kindred with customers. I go forth explore the inconvenience from consumer and likewise an advertisers perspective. As a de marker student who has been designed companies logos, it is signifi bungholet to sto ol valuable perceptiveness from this go alongic.By gaining the necessary get alongledge in this thing, I cig atomic number 18tte journey the profits in a to a greater extent safe and unspoilt manner as a consumer. play down of selective nurture tap Online announce is a growing fabrication that is establish upon the makeing from online ensures. Fifty-six of the top hundred websites establish on scallywag views in February 2008 presented publicizing (Evan, 2009, p37). For every exercise a consumer performs on the internet frequently(prenominal) as fashioning a bargain for, tour a website or searching on search engines is poised (Charters, 2002).This tuition is processed and interjectd automatically through info excavation drills and becomes a signifi croupt informant of tax revenue for online advertisers without the allow liberty or any notification to the customer. Data excavation is an everyplaceall process of preparing data, disc everyplacei ng patterns in data, and analyzing that data into utile knowledge (Tavani, 1999, p137). consort to Murphy, the correct to cover involves the ability of various(prenominal)s to locate for themselves, how much they be willing to c atomic number 18 astir(predicate) their lives, thoughts, and feelings (Murphy et al. , 2009).As ain and behavioral data are gathered, stored and change for to a greater extent in effect(p) ad, hurt of misrepresent and loss of identity become issues (Drumw well(p) et al. , 2009). Moreover, all the knowledge we tarry to be carry unityd confidential, much(prenominal) as wellness damages numbers and medical records, withal become commodities for sales event. net profit users rescue been salaried for the easy online service with their hole-and-corner(a) and personal info (Goldfarb et al. , 2011). effects of Data dig Firstly, data digging is based on the net profit and affects the unknowing users by the loss of see over their personal cultivation and right to covert. someones are un aware(p) that the data more or slight them are demanded and that they have no dictate in how the info approximately them is employ (Tavani, 1999, p141). For example, search-engine providers summarize and store the entire search history categorically that enables them to identify the somebody IP address (Evans, 2008, p55). While there is no standard to the consumers prior to array and storage of their data, users are unaware of the feature that data mining is being conducted every time they chat something on the websites.Although, Google has cut the storing data arrest from two geezerhood to nine months (BBC News, 2008), the sale of data parade to online advertisers is still in progress. The transaction of reading causes the loss of control over their right to covert. Moreover, advertisers have an access to the cookies, which track the websites visited and every activity an item-by-item does on the intern et. Again, this becomes a screen issue as advert companies access this nurture without any granted licence. The cover issue assistants with the unawareness of this out of sight phenomenon of data mining.Granting more(prenominal) control over their personal reading to the users is critical. Thus, the drill of data mining without the react of the user is an infringement of privacy. The user unavoidably to have more authority over their information and obstruct unwanted usage of their personal information. Secondly, data mining is more than just a personal and behavioural analysis. Every time the Internet thickening provides private information, much(prenominal) as medical records, all the information is being collected and saved (Buchholz & Rosenthal, 2002).The information we expect to remain confidential and unidentified becomes a source of profit to advertisers. thither is a divergence of scale in the midst of disclosure ones favourite color and revealing ones companionable insurance number to the advertisers. For example, Google Gmail, which provides 7GB of free berth, scans and records the content of emails eon displaying targeted advertisements on the posture that result from Googles ability to hit the have gots the content of the emails (Evans, 2008). The enormous amount of the provided space was not in reality free and users been stipendiary it with their private information.Revealing in person identifiable data or private information such(prenominal) as social insurance number through these serve has authorization take a chance of demoralise. Consumers whitethorn concern more if they know search engine provider is exchange the data to separate vendor that has figure out a way to associate the users IP with other personal information including name, address, and telephone number (Evans, 2008, p57). Googles bon tons coating is to organize the strandations information and make it universally accessible and usefu l(Google, 2011).Yet, our information also counts toward worlds information. We should be touch if these companies with these types of mission recitements can protect the users privacy users should not be blindsided to the potential risks of misuse of our private information. Targeted publicise and Consumer races Regardless of the privacy concern associated with data mining and targeted advertisement, the campaign why online advertisement is still on the rise and is aboriginal to the e-commerce economy is because of its effectualness on consumers (U.S. segment of Commerce, 2008). Detailed exclusive data can create more efficient advertisements, compared to conventional newspaper advertisements or old measures on the websites. For example, European wedlock practices privacy linguistic rule on advertisers. The responses of 3. 3 million descry takers who had been randomly overt to 9,596 online display banner advertise campaigns, reveal that this giving medication restr aint reduces the trenchantness of advertising by 65% on slopped(a) ( reckon 1. ) in hurt of changing verbalize buying inclination (Goldfarb et al. , 2011), Therefore, dominion agency a trade-off mingled with the makes of consumer privacy and the benefits to consumers of a potentially broader, less meddling advertising-supported Internet (Goldfarb et al. , 2011, p50). In addition, advertisers argue that illegitimate secondary use of data is found to be unnoticeable and consumers are employ to this way of byplay in name of traditional forms of advertising ( chocolate-brown & Muchira, 2004).Although targeted advertising is an hard-hitting way to advertise to consumers, reflecting too much knowledge about consumers in their advertisements may offend the users (Evan, 2009). Often, the users may use internet to search or purchase what they do not manage to share or talk about with others. Online advertisements may do what is opposite of this wish. For instance, purchasi ng a self-help book online to treat mental picture does not mean you wish to sign up for an advertisement that shows lists of other books about depression.Moreover, since computers are divided up online with other users, this purchase may be unintentionally revealed to the public. Advertisers should be advised of the precautions of data mining, which tracks every plot of ground of information about consumers for effective and yearn advertisement, could drive potential consumers away instead. Targeted advertisements are only effective if they respect the consumers privacy and use their information only when users are aware of the situation and fracture their permission. The foundation of fast(a) races with consumers requires trust of both the website and usage of personal information.Lack of trust leads to privacy concerns and the users unaware what websites are legitimate. Resolving such privacy plight is, therefore, crucial to creating immutable and ultimately profitable cu stomer relationships (Brown & Muchira, 2004). The major factor that can weaken the relationship is invasion of the privacy (Attaran, 2000). It involves contacting consumers who have not requested such contact and is practically done repeatedly (Brown & Muchira, 2004). Also, receiving unwanted chuck out mail and promotions from advertisers could affront consumers (Korgaonkar & Wolin, 1999).The result of a survey that Brown and Muchira conducted indicates that consumers who have experient online invasion of privacy are less likely to purchase products via the Internet. In other words, the ability to overlay personal information is significant to advertisers to husband a fuddled relationship with consumers. Advertisers should view the protecting privacy as an luck to establish long term relationships with consumers. finis Government law is practiced in some European countries to resolve the privacy issues in online advertising.Nevertheless, regimen normals that may be propo sed to protect right to privacy, may end up violating the prescript of respect for individual and create another(prenominal) invasion of privacy (Charters, 2002). Instead of government intervention to deal with privacy issue, online advertising companies should enforce regulation by providing opt-out mechanisms, and practice permission based data mining in order to protect consumers privacy. denote businesses pack to store and cover consumers private information with their permission of consent and a notification.Consumers may watch with giving their information about them if they can trust whom they are providing it to. That way, advertisers do not lose the probability to provide targeted advertisement to consumers, which is much more effective than providing non-targeted ones. Consumers also will benefit from receiving relevant advertisements against the follow of losing privacy. The balance between advertisers and consumers can be achieved through permission based practice . The computer user sits in front of a computer and starts seek again.This time, the website asks for permission to collect the users information for online trade and advertising business. The user has the ability to opt-out, and considers that this website is so secure. This website creates a transparentness between by the Advertising contacts and the consumers. The user is informed, given options, and protected. Figure 1. 1 originally and after the regulation by EU References Attaran, M. (2000), Managing Legal indebtedness of the Net a Ten note Guide for IT Managers, data trouble and electronic computer Security, 8(2)2.Brown, M. & Muchira, R. (2004). Investigating the Relationship between Internet Privacy Concerns and Online grease ones palms Behavior. daybook of electronic Commerce search 5(1),62- 71 Buchholz A. , and Rosenthal B. S. (2002), Internet Privacy Individual Rights and the Common Good. surface-to-air missile Advanced Management ledger, 67 (Winter), 3440. Charters, D. (2002). Electronic monitor and Privacy Issues in Business-Marketing The Ethics of the DoubleClick Experience. ledger of Business Ethics, 35 (February), 243 254. Drumwright, E. M. , Murphy, P. E. , (2009).The current state of advertising moral philosophy industry and academic perspectives. Journal of Advertising. 38(1), 83-108 Evans, S. D. (2009). The Online Advertising Industry Economics, Evolution, and Privacy. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 23(3), 37-60. Goldfarb, A. & stick C. E. (2011). Privacy regulation and online advertising. Management Science, 57(1). Korgaonkar, P & Wolin, L. (1999), A variable Analysis of clear Usage, Journal of Advertising Research, 39(2), 53-70. Tavani, H. T. (1999) studyal privacy, data mining, and the Internet. Ethics and Information Technology. 1 137145.

American Civil War Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

American Civil War - Term Paper ExampleOn the other part, join states were against slavery. The southwest wanted the impudently states to be slavery states, but the North wanted such states to be Free states. The southerners preferred wanted new territories to be granted the right to suffrage on whether they would be Free states or slave states according to the states rights. The issue of slavery was heightened by the North abolition movements such as the Free-state movements of Kansas. The southerners claimed that the federal government was prohibited by the tenth amendment from interfering with their right to own property and slaves. The southerners believed that the US constitution denied the states the right to act independently and subside whether to implement certain federal acts (Arnold and Wiener 19). The election of Abraham Lincoln as the President also stirred the slavery debate after he asseverate that slavery should be abolished. South Carolina seceded from the Union with other seven states thus forming the Confederate States of America (CSA). The civil war broke after the secession of South Carolina and other south states that created the Confederate Constitution that granted more autonomy to the states. In February 1861, the south started seizing federal forts and repulsed the supply ships. Lincoln was inaugurated in bunt 1861 and vowed to fight secession of the south (Kingseed 41). Fort Sumter was attacked in April 1861 and the southern commanders in allowed the Union troop to leave the fort safely. President Lincoln called for army volunteers and proclaimed a blockade of the south thus leading to the Bull Run battle in July 21, 1861. The Bull Run was the first major battle that was fought at Manassas colligation near Washington, D.C. The north lost the battle and the troops retreated to the capital. In the battle, Gen McDowell of north led 30,000 men against 22,000 southern troops but ultimately the North lost and Lincoln replaced McDow ell with Gen McClellan. The battle of Shiloh was fought in April 1861 in Tennessee whereby both sides incurred heavy casualties with Gen soften overcoming the southern forces (Kingseed 76). Another significant event was the Peninsular bear on of March-July 1862 that occurred in South Virginia whereby Gen McClellan attacked Richmond via the South, but assumed defensive tactic rather than pressurizing for victory. In September 1862, the Antietam battle occurred in Maryland whereby more than 23,000 troops from both sides died with southern troops led by Gen Lee retreating to Virginia (Kingseed 88). In the same month of September 1862, President Lincoln announced the Emancipation contract after the Antietam victory by claiming that all rebelling states would be finally freed and European nations should not participate in the war as it would amount making a decision on the issue of slavery (Rees 99). In July 1863, Vicksburg surrendered to Gen Grant and all the Mississippi River became under control of the Union forces. In March 1864, Gen Grant assaulted Richmond in Washington, DC and marched on with the fight even though he lost 55,000 soldiers in Central Virginia after encountering Gen Lee troops in his march to Richmond in May 1864. In the Atlanta to Savannah battle of September-December 1864, Gen Sherman of Union troops destroyed the railway lines, burned crops and destroyed all the buildings in order to demoralize the southern troops. In January, 1865, the confederacy

Explain the mechanism of the money multiplier. How can the monetary Essay

Explain the mechanism of the money multiplier. How can the monetary authorities influence its size and the supply of money - assay ExampleTo this, there will be answering of the study question, What is a Money Multiplier?An economic view will be maintained in this study. The money multiplier is also known as the deposition or the credit multiplier. From the simple point of view, the term multiplier means the magnitude by which money supply expands and this is normally bigger than the rise in the equivalent monetary base. Thus, if the multiplier stands at 20, then it follows that an increase of $1 in the fundamental monetary base will lead to a $20 rise in the supply of money. (moneyterms.co.uk, 2011)Money multipliers can be divided into several types. oneness of these multipliers is the deposit magnification multiplier. This type of multiplier measures by what magnitude money supply can be increased from the original deposit. Thus, the formula that shows how the deposit expansio n multiplier works is as underWhere Reserve requirement is the set deposit reserve for all commercial banks by the equivalent central bank. pickings that the set reserve requirement is 10%, then it follows that the deposit expansion multiplier isThus, if the one applies the multiplier computed before, and taking that the excess reserves from the original deposit be $800. The potential money supply expansion (M1) is to be determined as followsM1, which is the sum of the original deposit ($1,000) plus the $16,000 that has been created is, therefore, $17,000. Note that the formula presented is what is usually referred to as the simple money multiplier. (Morton and Goodman, 2003 p197)Under the deposit expansion multiplier there are various assumptions that have to be considered. This is to ensure that the explanations presented make sense. These are with the inclusion of the bank customers usage of cheques to pay each other as opposed to usage of cash, banks usually keep a limited dep osits fraction to take care of the central banks reserve

What is online meeting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

What is online meeting - Research Paper Examplequirements, the advantages it offers and the issues related to its use, the options of agreements available online and the features they offer and how to chose a system that would fulfill our essentials.This report briefly covers all major aspects regarding the online meeting engineering. The report also discusses terce online meeting systems available in the market. It recommends the better system of the three after briefly comparing the features that each product offers.Online meetings is the trend of meeting in the present times. Therefore, having an awareness about the technology is important so that its pros cigaret be utilized and cons can be addressed or overcome. From the various options of online meeting systems available in the market, having knowledge of the features can be helpful in selecting a product that suits ones needs.A meeting is defined as an event where the participants meet face to face to discuss an agenda. On line Meetings (also known as Web Conferences) are real time interactions over the Internet that use features such as audio, video, chatting tools and application sharing (EduCause, 7 things).The participants of these online meetings are not call for to be physically present in the same location where the meeting is taking place. Rather they use specialized software applications that enable them to conduct the lie meetings, conferences or presentatations in a virtual conference room over the Internet regardless of their being in different parts of the world. The only requirement of online meeting is that the participants must have a computer with Internet, a headset, webcam and an Online Meeting software application (Citrix, Online Meetings).The software application connects all the participants in a stylus that all the participants in a virtual private room are able to see and communicate with one another. Through the screen sharing technology of an application, a participant can even share his/her screen with all

Conservation and environmental management Assignment

Conservation and environmental management - Assignment Exampleldlife Conservation and Solar Energy Development in the surrender Southwest article and evaluates the effects of USSEDO facility on wildlife and the environment (Lovich & Ennen, 2011, 982).Paradoxically, the use of the natural renewable resources in considerable scale is no longer considered environmental friendly it has conflicted with conservation to wildlife. These alternatives of energy sources have impacted further given the current biodiversity of the arid condition of the South west region.Information published regards the capability effects and impacts direct and indirect of renewable energy on the wildlife. Several endangered species have been impact either directly or indirectly by the USSED. According to Kristan and Boarman area covered by Agassizs desert tortoise, is approximated to be 161,949 ha of land habituated has been affected directly by USSED. It has been further stated that an approximation of 769 ,230 ha has been affected given both direct and indirect impacts of the USSED (Lovich & Ennen, 2011, 983).Common impacts of utility scale solar energy are majorly caused by locution and recall of energy facilities. Construction involves the ground excavation and disturbance of endangered animal species found in this region. Another effect caused by USSED is through its operation and keep of solar facility. These are factors that arise as a result of operation of the facility in the environ neighboring which causes mortality of the wildlife.Potential effects of construction and decommission of energy facility involve direct impacts of ground disturbance and indirect impacts of habitat loss and degradation of the wildlife. Construction activities in these wildlife inhabited areas causes large amount of dust emission while constructing road and other network in the region hence, causing environmental pollution. Mortality of Subterranean animals is directly affected by USSED. Activit ies involving movement of the motor vehicles entrap

Presence or Absence of Negligence by Nurses Essay

Presence or Absence of heedlessness by Nurses - strive ExampleIt is evidently clear from the discussion that the presence of an IV infiltration should have been identified, noted and taken anxiety of immediately. It was the duty of the nurse who had done the nightlong shift check up on the patient to ensure the best interest of the patient. This should have included ensuring that any single complication is noted, fittingly examined and proper care is given to deal with it. However, this was not the grimace as can be seen in the case study. The nurse who had done the rounds during the shift when the infiltrate was ascertained had seen the infiltrate, failed to record it in the patients chart and additionally ignored it. In this case, the nurse had failed to perform her duty of ensuring quality care, health, and safety of the patient. Here is the case of professional negligence rather than ordinary negligence. The parents are in this case right to sue her for negligence and the c onsequent complications/damage (scarring and motion loss) that resulted from the lack of action. Negligence is proven by four main shares. The first element is the duty which begins at the moment the patient meets the healthcare provider. The other element is the breach of duty. This tally to Helm, occurs when the care provider fails to provide all necessary care and conduct to the patient. Damages, which is the next element is when harm occurs from neglect or breach of duty. The last element is causation. This is determined when the harm is done can be directly associated with lack of proper care. Ordinary negligence is defined as the failure to provide care that any other person would have provided in a particular situation. Professional negligence, on the other hand, involves malpractice done by an expertise such as a doctor or qualified nurse.

Comparison Between Holistic And Subject Based Approaches to Curriculum Essay

Comparison Between Holistic And Subject Based Approaches to Curriculum Organization - try out ExampleInfluential individuals Gur (2006) explain and outline the key factors that affect change in course of study structure and composition. The first factor that initiates change is a besotted and charismatic leadership system that is accepted by the academic staff members. The Main feature of such leadership is to have the necessary capacity that attracts otherwise academic staff to agree and rally behind the principled educational objectives supported within the environment or organization. A good and appropriate curriculum will ensure a good output especially for a class with an average or reasonable number of students (Gur, 2006, p41). This is because with a smaller class, teacher-student personalized relationship is always possible. There is always an anxiety by students to produce constant excellent results because an alteration in the syllabus or curriculum. The relationship eases the exertion anxieties experienced by such students and temptation to submit work that is not theirs to the tutors. However, it should be noted that individual influence on the curriculum change has its protest side effects. 2. The need to improve staff educate Research has proven the emergence of curricula related challenges in most institutions, especially at the nursery and primal levels of studies. Change in curriculum always comes with the need for better-trained staff members. It requires new teaching skills aimed at meeting the objectives and goals set by the new curriculum system. This whitethorn prove to be a significant challenge to most institutions implementing their own curriculum, as they will be required to come up with an impromptu account for hiring new teachers or training the existing staff. Therefore, the curriculum change is viewed as one of the main and... This essay stresses that several changes are always proposed because of their undisputable good ness. champion would find it hard or rather stupid and awkward to argue. For instance, it would be strange to hear an individual arguing that the introduction of laboratory classes for science-related subjects was a terms idea. Similarly, it is imagined that most leaders would accept that changes in curriculum are indispensable for the students going to various fields of study. Curricula changes and implementation would therefore ease. This paper makes a proof that curriculum in any organization plays a significant piece in the teaching-learning process in all the educational institutions. The instructional materials, nature of the training the teachers underwent, development of teaching materials, assessment of learners, designing for guides for both the learners and instructors, and setting the principles, are all anchored on the curriculum which is a vital educational document. Thus the role of curriculum in any organization plays a vital role and absence of the document in a ny educational organization means that the institution cannot function as expected. Curriculum is an educational document, which guides and used for ordering the teaching-learning understandings, which the learners encounter in the educational organization. Curriculum organization involves provision of curriculum and maintaining it to run uninterrupted.

Chemical equations, enthalpy changes and chemical equilibrium, acid, Assignment

Chemical equations, enthalpy changes and chemical equilibrium, acid, base and pH, and chemical reactions, chirality, simple organic structural assemblys and their reactions - Assignment Example accede which functional assort(s) on chemical compoundBcould exhibit each of these interactions and describe the properties of each interaction. In your answer make it clear which complementary functional group would charter to be present in the receptor for the interaction to occur.From the description and given function of Compound A., it is easy to tell which compound it is since only amino acids and sugars atomic number 18 natural chiral molecules produced in both animals and plants and beyond that, we can tell that the compound is indeed Amino acid since amino acids not sugars are use to carry on Parkinsons Disease.Ligand binding will mostly be either ionic or henry bonds. However, at times, the intermolecular forces of the van der waals will be used to bind the copound to the targ et receptor. The carboxylic group will exhibit the hydrogen intermolecular bonds due to presence of the hydrogen molecule while the amino group will exhibit the ionic intermolecular bonds since they form the ions and could also use the van der waals at times.Draw the product of this reaction, name the new functional group produced, state the type of reaction that has occurred, name any other products of the reaction and briefly explain how you arrived at your answer.The presence of the double bond (C=C) in CompoundCmeans that the molecule can exist in two different forms, identified by the prefixcisortrans, depending upon the arrangement of the functional groups and hydrogen atoms around the double bond. Draw the two possible forms of CompoundCshowing the positions of the functional group and hydrogen atoms. Assign each the appropriate prefix that would distinguish one from the other and briefly explain what these prefixes indicate.Equal moles of nitric acid (HNO3) and formic acid ( HCOOH) were each dissolved in equal volumes of water. State and explain which of the resulting solutions would have the higher pH.

How To Be Idle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

How To Be Idle - Essay ExampleHowever, thither is a deeper insight that Hodgkinson is trying to convey to readers of the book. He is exclusively telling us that doing nothing clear be as good as doing something because it has psychological and physical benefits. First of all, promiscuousness can be a form of relaxation to stop us from completely ruining our physical health. It is not uncommon nowadays to see middle-aged managers suffering from diabetes or spunk conditions. More often than not, these busy lot of young leaders resort to unhealthy habits like smoking or over-eating as a coping mechanics to stress. They run like headless chickens when deadlines set in and fire orders like missiles to their subordinates. Later, they succumb to various health conditions because they simply failed to stop and smell the flowers. These people would omit productivity from most of their waking hours by doing work-related tasks even on moments where they could be just resting. In fact, even on a very busy workday, there is time to breathe and daydream. Hodgkinson advocates daydreaming or meditation when caught in circumstances that leaves us no choice but to wait like existence stuck in a traffic jam (228). App arntly, traffic jams are blessings because these situations are beyond our control despite all the planning we can make. Normally, when a busy somebody gets caught in a traffic jam, he starts calling on other people to arrange matters due to delay. Busy people would never consider an idle time. On the other hand, the art of idleness teaches us to pray, meditate or daydream which can be more than productive and healthy for our psychological well-being. plea and meditation calms the body and lowers blood pressure. A power nap is also good especially on long trips because we can recharge our brain. Daydreaming brings by our creative thinking that can help us solve some conflicts that we are dealing with. Busy people often miss out the benefits that they can de rive from such idle tasks that Hodgkinson suggests. Actually, the author is not telling people to be lazy and counter-productive. He is teaching us to rewire ourselves and explore the advantages of apply idle time to make us more productive. Another issue that this book is trying to emphasize is the struggle between quantity and quality. The set-up of our lives depends on parameters that are quantitative in nature. For example, a person who goes to the gym boasts of the number of hours spent on doing exercises quite than the quality of the routine. Instead of feeling good about being able to exercise, fitness buffs would worry about the calories they eat or the hours they spent at the gym. Hodgkinson cited the nap that Winston Churchill took every afternoon which made him very productive later. Likewise, if we motivation our bodies to grow muscle or lose weight, we need to sleep well. Sleep helps us regenerate and heal from the normal wear and tear of daily living. What more when we are subjected to daily stressful situations? Well, not far behind would be insomnia, depression, and burn-out. The mind and body also breaks down at a certain point. good deal normally think that more is better when the real maxim of living is quality not quantity. Lives should have more breadth or depth rather than a bunch of jam packed hours that crams tasks or things-to-do. While being organized is a good idea, too much of

Discussion 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discussion 9 - Essay ExampleAside from time, I think that the type of problem being addressed by the decision-making process is also determinative. When the problem addressed is broad and involves several units in the organizational structure, or when the problem involves profound policy formulation and implementation that will be apply in the long term, because decision-making is preferable. The resultant decision shall be implemented by a large part of the organization, therefore (1) the feedback concerning possible repercussions in their respective(prenominal) areas must be considered and (2) their cooperation must be engendered to make the long-term adjustments among and between the units successful. An example of this is the merging of a new acquisition into the existing structure of the hold up organization. On the other hand, if the decision is constrained by the circumstances such that negotiations among the units cannot be accommodated, or if the problem addressed is lo calized or requires moderate adjustments, then command decisions are best. An example is the order by the parent firm for a subsidiary to implement a global marketing strategy. Reference Mezey, G (2004) Crisis management decision making. Atlantic Association for Research in the Mathematical Sciences (AARMS), 3(2) 267-288 2. Consider your work environment and responsibilities. How do you empty the problem of bounded consciousness in the decisions you make at work? Bounded awareness is defined by Chugh and Bazerman (2004) as an individuals failure to see and use fond and perceivable information while seeing and using other equally accessible and perceivable information (p. 2). Some people would call this tunnel pot in the figurative sense, in so far as the person focuses on certain details or elements to the exclusion of other equally important, or even more important aspects. A person may be predisposed to looking only at select details for many reasons, such as a mental fixation or mindset, prejudicial presumptions, or lack of education or training in recognizing or appreciating what is important in a certain situation. In my own work environment, there is a tendency for medical representatives like myself to be fixated on our own particular return line-up, regular clientele, or the service area we are assigned to that we do not see how a specific decision or regulation could coin other product offerings, other clients, and other service areas. A new supervisor promoted from one of the subordinate units is often seen to exhibit a keen pinch of the circumstances of the unit he/she came from but a lack of understanding concerning other units now under his leadership. The best way one may avoid bounded awareness is of course forming a decision or advisory team to discuss and analyze the various facets of a problem and arrive at alternative recommendations before the final decision is made. There are many considerations that may not be apparent to an indivi dual decision-maker because his attention is circumscribed by the aspects of management he/she is experienced in. In due time and with practice, bounded awareness may be addressed by developing a wider opinion of the

BIOCHEMISTRY ASSIGNMENT 3 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BIOCHEMISTRY 3 - Assignment ExampleVitamin C helps in preventing drying of the skin this is through and through promoting synthesis of lipids that act as barrier that will reduce water permeability in the skin cells (Mason 20). Vitamin C helps in photoprotection by reducing the pose of effect of chronic high-dose UVB thus reducing skin wrinkle and skin tumorsCholecystokinin is produced in small intestine and is a hormone that plays a big affair in digestion of fats and protein. Cholecystokinin effect is also seen in the vagus nerve and brain. It generates the feelings of satisfaction when a person has consumed a lot of food thus shutting wad the feeling of appetite. This hormone may sometime be introduced into the body for the purpose of carrying out test on diagnosis. Cholecystokinin hormone stimulates release of bile juice to the digestive tract through making the gallbladder to contract and relax. Bile is also released when the digestive tract detects fat content on the body (M ason 22). Cholecystokinin also inhibits the assume from being emptied by providing a sensation that will result in stomach distensionSecretin is hormone that occurs naturally in the body system and is produced for medicinal purposes. Secretin is used in pancreas to stimulate the secretion of digestive fluids which is reach in bicarbonates and has neutralizing agent for stomachs that atomic number 18 transported to the small intestine. Proteins are broken down by pepsin which are released by the stomach through stimulation by secretin (Mason 24).Gastrin is a hormone produced in the stomach lining and upper part of small intestine. Gastrin stimulates the release of stomachic acid which helps in breaking down proteins in food and in absorption of certain minerals (Mason 25). Gastrin also helps in cleanup spot and disinfecting the stomach by killing bacteria that find its way to the stomach through the food.Uric acid is a chemical by

The Raj Rajaratnam's Conspiracy And Securities Fraud Essay - 19

The Raj Rajaratnams Conspiracy And Securities Fraud - Essay ExampleRajaratnam had a continuous pattern of using insider occupation to make millions of dollars in profits. typically insider trading occurs as one time tips that a person exploits. A smart insider trader will not abuse his knowledge to earn silver to stay off the radar of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Greed was the primary factor that led to the demise of Raj Rajaratnam.Information asymmetry in the financial market place is a posing great risk. This risk is characteristic of insider trading activities. These activities and underground operations are tailored towards benefiting a few in the society. Considering the Galleon insider trading saga, the parties that were regulate to benefit from illegal activities are few. Investors and more especially the hedgers should have common instruction regarding market share movements of companies (Jones, 1996, pg. 143). However, a few individuals through cooperat ion and collaboration desire to take advantage of crucial information only available to them. Of course, an inside job is a context upon which the participants to these fraudulent activities thrived and thereby succeeded in their quest to describe huge profits by taking advantage of company performance in the financial market (Girgenti, 2010, pg. 88).Kamal Ahmed among other senior employees of companies listed in the investigations offered crucial information on payment. Such an activity is risky for the financial markets because information symmetry is expected to influence the decisions of investors. Acts of corruption and bribery are therefore integrated into the insider trading activity allowing for the few involved to take advantage of the entire shareholding and investing community. The losses of many are the profits of a few. Due to the high closeness that insider trading activities require, it seems obvious that successful businessmen and prominent people may be the major participants in such activities.

Healthcare statistics error type I & type II Assignment

Healthcare statistics error fair playsuit I & character II - Assignment Example fictitious character II error would however mean scarcity of resources and while it offers no financial benefit in the scenario, it risks inability to offer care services and consequently threatens quality of health. Type I error would therefore be preferred because of it guarantees healthcare objectives while type II error can hinder acknowledgment of care objectives (Grove, Burns, and Gray, 2012).The affordable care acts provision for review of applications for insurance premium increases is one of the policies that push insurance companies to avoid one type of error. With a null hypothesis that proposed premium increment is not excessive against an alternative hypothesis that the proposed value is excessive, an insurance company will avoid type II error. This is because type II error can lead to excessive increment of premium and the consequence is legal actions against an insurance company for br each of law (The United States Department of Health & Human Services, 2015 Grove, Burns, and Gray, 2012).The United States Department of Health & Human Services. (2015). Premiums Rate review. The United States Department of Health & Human Services. Retrieved from

Is the UK Airline Industry Competitive Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Is the UK Airline Industry Competitive - Essay ExampleAs the paper declares taxation is always a painful and mixed issue with reverberations on all elements of the industry. However considering the relatively under-taxed nature of the UK airline industry it is possible that it will not be too badly smart by the new tax although it might result in a decline in passengers.This essay stresses that this is a significant issue facing the airline industry at the moment. British Airways is recently involved in a struggle to resolve with union officials after it has declared a strike because of BAs refusal to meet it demands. BAs after failing to come to an agreement with union over its cost-cutting program now appears to be focusing on wearing down its employees. The company has done whatever it can from out-sourcing to using volunteers and claims that it has managed to keep a lot of its flights running. The impact of principle on competitiveness is a complicated one. It is also hard to assess whether the regulatory environment will change anytime in the near future specially considering the havoc that lack of regulation played on the financial markets. What is essential however that changes in regulation will definitely impact competitiveness but may impact polar players and stake-holders in a different way. If we take a look at financial indicators as a measure of the performance of the industry we can break that many firms have reported serious losses indicating troubled times for the industry. British Airways for example been in dire financial straits indicating losses faraway worse then what many had predicted and with no respite anytime soon.

Contemporary & Future Challenges in HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Contemporary & Future Challenges in HRM - Essay ExampleThey help an organization to form a competitive edge in which may be difficult for competitors to have. Therefore the intimacy of the human resource subdivision then lets central to the operation of any organization. The department is given the role of hiring, inadvertence and organizing training and development of the workforce. Therefore it is important to the management and development of the workforce.In order to function properly, human resource department comes with particular policies and strategic plans that carry as guidelines on how the organization is going to function. These policies and guidelines helps the organization to function properly in light of various workforce need for the organization. In order to visualize that these polices meets the needs for the organization and of the workforce, strategic human resource management (SHRM) has become the cornerstone for planning any human resource activities in an organization. Therefore SHRM has become the central focus to the operation of the human resource. SHRM implies the organized way in which the human resource department and in this case the whole organization comes up with strategies to manage the workforce. It involves taking into consideration a number of perspectives which are important of the operation of the department as a whole. ... It is a broader perspective of the HR department and its functions. One of the key components that have enabled the concept of SHRM to take root has been the changing wave of engineering in the market. The use of ultramodern technology has been one of the nearly important factors that have enabled the human resource department to implement various strategies that have been aimed at making its work easier. This paper will look into how technology has been used in the department and the future operations of the department in light of the changing technology in the market.Use of technology in th e HRM departmentHuman resource technology has been emerging in the market as the new discipline which has tried to integrate the use of technology in the function of the HRM department. In this case it has been working to ensure that there is application of appropriate technology in HRM in order to enhance the functioning the department. Technology has affect positively and negative to all the spheres of life. While it may have led to loss of jobs, it has been able to increase efficiency, accuracy and time completion of function. The modern technology especially the evolution in the use of computers can be held responsible for having created an effective work place. There has been reduction of errors as a result of manual computation and at the same time there has been increase effective and timely delivery of the needed data. Technology has found a place to be used in the while organizations. It has dictated the standards of an acceptable modern office whose efficiency is riveted on the amount of advanced technology equipment that have been installed. (Bates 2002, p. 82)The revolution of modern technology has affected all

The novel Of Mice and Men and the characters Crook, Candy and Curlys wife Essay Example for Free

The novel Of Mice and Men and the characters Crook, edulcorate and Curlys wife EssayDiscuss the theme of loneliness in the novel Of Mice and Men by looking at the characters Crook, Candy and Curlys wifeLoneliness turnings an integral role in the novel and it is this theme, which effectively leads to the inevitable ending. apiece of the characters mentioned in the essay title re-enacts different aspects of the definition loneliness. Hence I will explore the behavior in which Steinbeck epitomises loneliness, using each(prenominal) of these characters.Crooks is depicted as a loner due to his supposed unfortunate predicament of being born a nigger. Despite this term being derogatory, it highlights the immediately low mixer stratum that black people occupied in a period where racism and segregation was prominent. The boss gives him hell when hes madJust because is black, he is at the receiving end of the boss wrath, a white man. Crooks is described by Candy as a nice fella. Th e referee is left to assume that the only dingy character mentioned in the history is lone(a), as the commentator is al intimately oblivious of his presence. It is but for the initial reference to him and the re-emergence of his character in the middle section of the check that the reviewer is forced to remember.The idea of loneliness with reference to Crooks character has two explanations. The primary reason for his loneliness is Cause Hes black. Crooks is annihilated due to his race which in the period when the book was written, segregation was rampant. The reader learns exactly what Crooks feels ab turn away his treatmentI aint wanted in the bunkhouse Cause Im black I cant play cards because Im black. They say I stink.This outburst signifies the loneliness he feels. He is ostracised due to his race and is not allowed to participate in any activities. Unlike the other characters that induce loneliness, the reader feels that his isolation is the most extreme, as he is black , which automatically relegates him to a low class.The second explanatory for his loneliness is his disability, which evokes a form of loneliness. Crooks has a round-shouldered concealment. And so presumably, he does have not much use due to his inability to provide a service. Slim suggest that inability to provide a service notes your uselessnessI wish somebodyd shoot me if I get old and cripple.Crooks falls into some(prenominal) these categories. As well as being old, he is cripple, therefore shooting him is of no great loss. Crooks annihilation due to his race and forced into a low social stratum he has an equal position as an animal. This is well represented in c chapter four, where the reader learns that Crooks has his bunk in the harness, and what worsens the station is the fact that his actual bunk is make from straw, which is what forms many animals beds. The reader also learns that he has a manure pile in his room. Several references are made to his medication, where h e owned a range of medicine bottles, both for himself and for the horses. The fact that he uses medication indicates that he often feels pain Now and then he poured a few drops of the liniment into his pink-palmed hand He flexed his muscles against his back and shivered.Crooks is eonianly applying liniment to his back, which may be to ease the pain he feels. He is often in pain and so may not be able to cope with strenuous activities, thus his uselessness and inevitable isolation. The descriptions used with reference to Crooks appearance, may symbolise the suppression he feels from the world.The fact that his body was bend over to the left by his crooked spine forces the reader to relate this to his bad treatment in life. It may suggest that he has had a stony life and the reader assumes that his injury epitomises the hardship and rejection felt, thus his sub-human status. Steinbeck describes Crooks as having deep black wrinkles. The fact that they are deep is also indicative of the depth of business line that he has endured in life, yet we are given no impetus that he has been badly treated at the banquet.Lennie in some ways breaks Crooks loneliness, when he intrudes in his room. Although he scowled in response to Lennies intrusion the reader feels that his presence is welcomed thus Crooks says, It was difficult for Crooks to conceal his pleasure with anger. Crooks becomes more comfortable with the company and the reader delves into his past as he confides with Lennie. The reader pities Crooks attributed to the fact that he views himself as just a nigger talking a busted-black nigger. Crooks indeed pities himself and his predicament. He is lonely as his only true company is himself. Hence, when Lenny tells how he has George, Crooks is in some ways envious of their relationship thus forcing Lennie to consider a pessimistic situationYou got GeorgeSpose you couldnt go into the bunk-house and play rummy cause you was black Spose you had to sit out here an r ead booksBooks aint no good. A guy needs somebody to be near himA guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody Dont make no difference who the guy is long as hes with you a guy gets lonely, an he gets sickThe fact that Crooks aint got nobody generalises his reasons for his loneliness. This saddens the reader, as up till now he has been forced to keep this too himself, but his treatment makes him sick. He pours out his inner feelings and the reader appreciates that reading, his most frequent form of communication, is an escapism, but he concludes books aint no good.Lennie relishes in the fact that he and George will own some domain of a function of their own, however Crooks is rather pessimistic. Having seen many aim for a better life and fail, he concludes Nobody gets to heaven, and nobody gets no land. The reader considers Crooks extreme pessimism and concludes that due to his constant disappointment and failure, such improvements are but dreams and only exists in their head.However, a gl impse of faith is evident in Crooks character and perchance a completed dream himself, when almost convinced by Lennies revelation to live on the fatta the lan he respondsIf you guys would want a hand to work for nothingwhy Id come an append a handThis outburst indicates his eagerness and yet hope for some bod of recognition in life. The fact that this dream seems achievable gives him a glimmering of hope. For a short while at least his cocoon of isolation seems to be disintegrating It was difficult for Crooks to conceal his pleasure with angerThis narrative indicates that he is content, as he finally has human company, which he can interact with. The fact that Guys dont come into a coloured mans room very much indicates that despite the graveness he has become accustomed to, company is always welcome, after all A guy goes nuts if he aint got nobodyThe partial hope of escaping from his lugubriousness is probably what gives him enough courage to say to Curleys wife on her intr usion into his room, Maybe you better go to your own house. Despite it being his own space, Crooks essentially relinquishes his non challenging role as a negro and dares to question a white persons authority. Yes, he can dream, but Curleys wife throws reality back in his face when she relegates him back to the terrible protective dignity of a negro. Crooks accepts that he will never be a white persons counterpart and concludes You guys comin in an settin made me forget. What she says is true.Crooks forgot his place as a Nigger and so had reduced himself to nothingnothing to arouse either like or dislike. Crooks is lonely and no one in the story truly understands his predicament. However the reader is forced to conclude, that his annihilation is what retains the fact that he is proud and aloof. When he was on the verge of putting an end to his loneliness, thus confrontingCurley wife, he realised that for a coloured man to have some rights, even if he dont like em., he has to settle for an inferior position in ordination or face humiliation. Through Crooks loneliness, he retains his pride.In considering Candys loneliness, the reader automatically compares him to that of Crooks. Candys character in the play symbolises the fate of those who are old and disabled. He has the most menial job on the ranch as the swamper and it is primarily because of his disability why he has turned into a self-pitying worker. Although he is lonely, his hound provides him with some sort of comfort. Despite his dog being weak, because hes so used to him and had him from a pup he feels some sort of attachment to the dog. The reader is forced to deduce that maybe the dog reflects Candys temperament. Both are old, walk with a limp and could receive the same fate of being killed due to their uselessness. Steinbeck describes the dog asdrag pick sheep dogwith blind old eyes. The dog struggled lamely to the sideThis description shows the reader, the bad condition of the dog. The reader understands that as well as not walking properly, the dog is blind and its whole existence is a struggle. Carlson describes the dogs condition asGot no teeth Hes all stiff with rheumatism. He aint no good to youCandy.Candy and his dog, and Crooks birth a similar fate, as all of them are retired and so are of no use, as they can not carry out service jobs. Candy is attached to the dog. The fact that the dog is a reflection of himself, initially a hard worker, but now cripple to due his hard work cleanup spot it would mean he deserves to be killed also, as both have passed their usefulness. When Candy is forced to put the dog down, through Steinbecks descriptions, the reader realises how much the dog truly means to himhe subdued the hand with the other and held it down he rolled over and faced the wall and lay silentThis is rather a sombre description. It underlines the fact that by killing the dog, his only long-term companion, means a part of him would be missing. Hence when he shares in Lennies and Georges dream he somehow feels rejuvenated. Candy shows interest in their dream as by being a part of it, it entitles him to have a future outside of the ranch and some human company. He would no longer have to be subservient to anybody, thus he would not receive the same fate as those who are in the same predicament as himself. It is interesting to note that he finds out about their dream while he would normally be alone, but for Lennies and Georges presence.Many people who are lonely thrive on gossip, as this is a means of escaping their own dismal life and delving into the life of mortal elses, often more interesting than their own. This is so for Candy who is described as warming to his gossip. He speaks about Curley and even refers to his wife as a tart, yet the reader observes how inferior he actually is, when Curleys wife calls him a lousy ol sheep. Candy does tell Curleys wife what he thinks of her, but he realises that -Nobody d listen to us. In socie ty, he is insignificant and thus his loneliness.Curleys wife experiences a unique form of loneliness. From an early stage in the book, the reader regards Curleys wife as that of a agitate symbol. Throughout the story she is never named, but the reader only considers her as a tart, purty and a looloo.Glove fulla vaselineThis refers to Curley who actually degrades his wife openly, by the display of this versed connotation. Due to this derogatory act, it is no surprise to the reader that she is lonely. She is thought of as an object, not a person. She is not appreciated for her talent although according to her she could of went with shows because of it. While Curley is out enjoying himself she is left talking to a bunch of bindle stiffs.The reader knows she is lonely, through her constant search for attention. Through exploiting her sexual practice does she try to conceal her loneliness hence, she flirts with Slim and endlessly wanders around the men the ranch. It is interesting to note, that her only defence to Crooks when he asks her to come out of his room, is to threaten him with rape charges. The fact that she is lonely, she knows nothing else but to exploit her sexuality again. She is very shallowCurleys wife actually admits I get lonely I cant talk to nobody but Curley. This is why she is constantly want attention. When Lennie says he is not supposed to talk to her she questions angrily Whats the matter with me?. Again she uses this opportunity to tell Lennie about the dreams that she had. She becomes so comfortable speaking with Lennie that it is this which leads to her death. She is so spontaneous to poor out her heart, her disappointment and the fact that she is lonely, that Lennie gets attached.It is her sexuality which causes her death. She confides in Lennie admitting that she don like Curley. So when Lennie starts to stroke her hair she does not mind initially, but this flirtatious act is what leads to her death. Lennie kills her involuntaril y yet this fate was inevitable.Each of these characters experienced their own forms of loneliness. It is quite interesting to note that each of the characters all end up in the same room, having been left out of the other activities which the men are indulging in Crooks because he is black, old and cripple, Candy because he is old and disabled and Curleys wife as she is thought of as a sex object, not a person. Although she asks herself, An what am I doin? Staindin here a nigger an a lousy ol sheep. and she answers her own question when she says, They left all the weak ones here. She actually does belong there as all characters are lonely in some way or another and have been excluded from the activities of the ranch. Is it not fair that they comfort each other? The reader understands that this is not possible, as they are not compatible with each other due to their different predicaments.

Hazel vs Oedipus Essay Example for Free

Hazel vs Oedipus EssayTragedies often feature happiness developing into miseries through errors which ultimately reveal the cold voiceless truth. The adept suffers from human frailty (hamartia) which directs to his/her d consumef every last(predicate). The paladin suffers from catastrophic events, experiences peripeteia and is confronted with the magnitude of his/her actions. Two such heroes are Hazel Grace Lancaster from The Faults in Our Stars by conjuration Green, and Oedipus in the play Oedipus Rex written by Sophocles. Both modern and classic articles of literature have a wide-reaching influence on people and inspire some(prenominal) through the centuries. Modern tragic hero Hazel is a teenage thyroid cancer patient who experiences twisting series of bitter losses. As an single child who has been diagnosed since the age of thirteen, she fears and worries what will happen to the loved ones after she dies and wants to minimize the pain her death will cause others. Class ic hero Oedipus is destined to follow emerge a prophecy that says he will kill his father and marry his mother, and thereby brings disaster on his city and family.He is blinded by the truth and hubris, powerlessly enduring the course of fate despite harsh and fearful confrontations. While both characters fulfill the role of a tragic figure, the modern hero Hazel evidently provides more hope for the audience than the classic hero Oedipus. This is shown when their character traits of determination, bravery and ignorance are compared. Determination is a quality a hero cannot be considered one without, and both Hazel and Oedipus show this quality along their ways.Hazel shows determination as she combats cancer despite harsh reality. Augustus asks, With the trope of the stoical and unflinching cancer victim who heroically fights her cancer with inhuman strength and never complains or stops smiling even at the very end, and so on? (Green 128). Gus and Hazel refuse to be tropes. Inst ead they create a new kind of cancer rhetoric, one that looks straight on at the unbearable feature that they are unbelievably unfortunate and stand a good retrieve of dying young.They are two doomed children who have not really had the chance to experience life, and who are determined to do so one way or another. Hazel demonstrates her strong determination once again as she sets out to Amsterdam with Augustus to find out the ending of her favourite book, An Imperial Affliction. She wants to know those answers and what happens to Annas mother after she dies. By using the lens of the novel, she wishes to reassure the fact that her own mother and family will be okay after her death, since directly thinking about it is too terrifying and upsetting.Hazel is told she cant go to Amsterdam because her doctor thinks its a bad idea for she might encounter a probably fatal episode of deoxygenation (Green 157). Knowing her death is near, Hazel does not pull back from flying out with her ox ygen tank. Hazel shouts, bullshit Thats bullshit. Just tell me Make something up you promised (Green 192). Although she does not receive whatever good information from the author, she tries to pound out what she hopes to hear out of Peter Van Houtens mouth when he refuses to pity her in the manner to which she is rise accustomed(Green 192).On the other hand, Oedipus displays determination to seek, to know, and to pursue principle as he unwaveringly discovers the truth behind his birth. The evidence first shows when Oedipus is so determined to solve former King Laiuss murder. The citizens of Thebes gather to discuss solution to the plague while Creon returns from the oracle and tells that the murderer of Laius is in Thebes and must be dictated out in order for the plague to end. He furiously curses Laiuss murderer who is himself he states, Nor do I exempt myself from imprecation /Lie all the curses I have laid on others (Sophocles 32).Oedipus proclaims that should he discover the murderer to be a member of his own family, that person should be struck by the same exile and harsh treatment that he has just wished on the murderer. Oedipuss sense of justice and powerful determination to uncover the mystery of Laiuss murder ironically leads him to unintentionally curse himself. He acts eagerly and rashly, refusing to shield himself from the truth, as if he brings catastrophe upon himself willingly.Therefore, it is clear that in terms of determination, Hazels will to combat tough fate is far more positive than Oedipuss cursing to resolve matters, delivering more hope to audience. In addition to determination, courage is an important trait for a hero to signify firmness and face difficulty, danger and pain. Both Hazel and Oedipus show their great courage, but Hazels courage appears to be more encouraging rather than Oedipus as it is more relatable to the audience. Living with cancer alone take ups great bravery.While Hazel has to deal with hospitals, doctors, and at hand(predicate) death every day, she recognizes how tough she needs to be and how courageous she has been. She says, People talk about the courage of cancer patients, and I do not cut through that courage. I have been poked and stabbed and poisoned for years, and still I trod on (Green 74). She is all about not hurting others even if it hurts her and wants to be as passive as possible. bravery is especially evident when she overcomes her pain to prevent others suffering.She says, Im a grenade and at some point Im going to blow up and I would like to minimize the casualties, And I cant be a regular teenager, because Im a grenade (Green 99). Since Hazel feels that she will soon die, she is motivated to be as insignificant as possible and desires to take the risks of others. She is much like a soldier rushing into battle knowing well that death awaits her. She chases her dreams from the hospital bed all the way to the plane to Amsterdam. not the doctor nor her familys disapprov al and instructions could stop her from going after her dream.She provides faith to teenagers who are commonly trapped under parents umbrella to pursuit their own dreams for themselves. She even ignores the glances, whispering, and finger-pointing along her way. In spite of criticism, she acts in accordance to her own beliefs displaying admirable courage and selflessness of her. Young people can be benefit and inspired by her daring courageousness and overcome their obstacles with Hazels fearlessness in her battle in mind.Oedipus is also certainly a figure of remarkable courage. Upon arriving in Thebes, Oedipus displays his courage and lack of fear by facing the deadly Sphinx and solving its riddle He sacrifices himself entirely in an exploit to save Thebes which shows great bravery. He is courageous in his refusal to hide from the truth about himself, even when he realizes how horrible it will be. Facing the horror of personal guilt, especially guilt so enormous, takes extreme cou rage. In the end, Oedipus has to face his own failure to outrun his fate,

Theory of Bomb Calorimetry Essay Example for Free

Theory of Bomb Calorimetry EssayThe purpose of this try out is to learn how to apply the laws of thermodynamics to chemical reactions. In this particular experiment we will use a give way calorimeter to study heats associated with combustion reactions. A break calorimeter is a device used for measuring the banal heat of combustion associated with a chemical reaction. The standard heat of combustion for a substance is defined as the enthalpy change, accompanies a process in which one mole of a substance undergoes a combustion reaction with oxygen. It can be found according to comparison 1. 1)H- Enthalpy R Gas Constant n number of moles U knowledgeable Energy s denotes sample combusted 0 denotes standard state (25C, 1bar). The internal energy change of the sample is found from from equation 2, where change in temperature is obtained from experiment and heat capacity of the calorimeter is obtained from standardization of the bomb calorimeter (see Preparations section). The heat capacity of the wire is usu on the wholey known. 2) T- temperature w denotes iron wire. Gas constant, R, can be taken to be 8. 315 J/K mol or a more precise value can be obtained from literature. Temperature, T, is the standard state temperature=25C.Change in moles of gas, , 3) From equation 3 we can see that the change in moles of gas is =12-14. 5=-2. 5 At this point we have enough information to calculate the standard heat of combustion Experimental Setup 1. Make sure solely connections to electrical outlet are disconnected. 2. Make sure all the parts to the bomb calorimeter are at hand. 3. Make a sample pellet (Figure1) using a pellet press. 4. Fuse a metal wire into the pellet of the chemical whose heat of combustion is to be determined 5. assume the ends of the wire onto the two center poles of the cap that is screwed onto the bomb cavity as try in Figure2. prat the lid onto the bomb cavity (make sure that the lid is on tight). At this point your bomb should look like the bomb in Figure3. Warning DO NOT ALLOW THE BOMB TO SHAKE ONCE THE PRESSURE INSIDE IT HAS BEEN INCREASED. 7. Close the bomb valve and raise the pressure indoors the bomb with the help of a pressure tank until 25 atm is reached. 8. Purge the bomb of the Nitrogen gas by opening the pressure release valve (Figure3) and releasing the gas. Point the bomb away from yourself and others while purging it of Nitrogen gas. 9. Raise the pressure inside the bomb with the help of a pressure tank until 25 atm is reached.10. Attach the electrodes to the electrode slots on the cap shown in Figure 3. 11. Place bomb in metal pail placed inside the calorimeter jacket, filled with 1L of Distilled water as show in Figure 4. 12. Place the calorimeter lid on top of jacket, ensuring that the thermometer and stirrer are inside the water as show in Figure4. 13. Attach the stirrer belt to the apparatus (Figure4) and plug the stirrer into electrical outlet. 14. Plug in the ignition unit. Running the ex periment 16. Start the stirrer. 17. Begin taking temperature reading with the thermometer each 10 seconds. 18.Allow system to run for 5-10 minutes. 19. Ignite the pellet with the ignition unit and continue to measure the temperature until 5 minutes after the temperature peaks. 20. Unplug all the electrical connections. 21. Next remove jacket lid, and remove the bomb from the water 22. In a designated area of the class room release the gas inside of the bomb by opening the pressure release valve. 23. Once all the gas is removed, unscrew the cap and measure the mass of wire remaining, and ensure that all of the pellet was combusted 24. Begin the calculation process (refer to the theory section).